cpp/app/snake.cpp · 15045 字节 · 下载原文
// 贪吃蛇 —— 用 **C++** 写的手机游戏
// Snake — a mobile game written in **C++**
//
// ◆ 手机那套 UI 怎么来的
// ◆ Where the mobile UI comes from
//
// 开窗 / 绘图 / 输入 / 定时器的实现是 C 写的（`Lib/shared/src/vmlui.c` → `vmlui.vml`），
// The implementations of window opening / drawing / input / timers are written in C (`Lib/shared/src/vmlui.c` → `vmlui.vml`),
// 由 `vmltool.config.xml` 的 `<Language Name="cpp" Libs="vmlui.vml">` 挂给每个前端。
// and are attached to each frontend by `<Language Name="cpp" Libs="vmlui.vml">` in `vmltool.config.xml`.
// 数值的唯一真源是 `Lib/c/vml_ui.h`。
// The single source of truth for the numbers is `Lib/c/vml_ui.h`.
//
// ◆ 一条**已失效**的旧约束（2026-09-17 实测更正）
// ◆ One **obsolete** old constraint (corrected by measurement on 2026-09-17)
//
// `corpus/cpp/skel.cpp` 的文件头写着「实参从左到右压栈 ⇒ 多参调用参数整体反序，
// The file header of `corpus/cpp/skel.cpp` says "arguments are pushed left to right ⇒ multi-argument calls receive their parameters in reverse order,
// `ipow(2,3)` 得 9，所以库调用只能用单参数」——**这条现在不成立了**：
// `ipow(2,3)` gives 9, so library calls can only take a single argument" — **that no longer holds**:
// 调用约定统一之后实测 `drift.cpp`（循环里调 `ipow(2, i)`）得 **126**，正确。
// after the calling convention was unified, `drift.cpp` (calling `ipow(2, i)` in a loop) measured **126**, which is correct.
// 本文件按自然写法写 8 参的 `ui_2d_rect`，不为那条旧规避而扭曲。
// This file writes the 8-argument `ui_2d_rect` in the natural way, without contorting itself for that old workaround.
//
// ◆ 写法说明
// ◆ Notes on the style
//
// · ~~数组**没有花括号初始化**（`InitializerListExpr` 只编第一个元素、其余静默丢）~~
// · ~~Arrays **have no brace initialization** (`InitializerListExpr` compiles only the first element and silently drops the rest)~~
// ~~⇒ 逐元素赋值。~~
// ~~⇒ assign element by element.~~
// ✅ **已修好（2026-10-04 复验）** —— `int a[4] = {10,20,30,40};` 实测读回 `10,20,30,40`；`static int g[4] = {11,22,33,44};` 读回 `11,22,33,44`。本文件仍逐元素赋值 —— 能跑就别动。
// ✅ **Fixed (re-measured 2026-10-04)** — `int a[4] = {10,20,30,40};` reads back `10,20,30,40`; `static int g[4] = {11,22,33,44};` reads back `11,22,33,44`. This file still assigns element by element — leave it if it runs.
// · 循环更新写 `i = i + 1`。
// · Loop updates are written `i = i + 1`.
// · 颜色写负数十进制（`0xAARRGGBB` 的十进制负数形式）。
// · Colors are written as negative decimals (the negative-decimal form of `0xAARRGGBB`).
// · 状态放**一个**文件级数组、辅助函数一律无参。
// · State lives in **one** file-level array, and helper functions never take arguments.
// · 音效用 **`ui_audio_beep` 单音**（v0.96.509 从共享库的音序器换回来 —— 那一版在真机上
// · Sound effects use the **single-tone `ui_audio_beep`** (switched back from the shared library's sequencer in v0.96.509 — on a real device that version
// **破音**）。判据：频率取原音型的**首音**、**结局音取最低音**（输要一眼听出来），
// **broke up**). Criteria: the frequency takes **the first note** of the original pattern, **the ending note takes the lowest pitch** (a loss has to be audible at a glance),
// 时长取整块时长、封顶 320ms，低音不低于 C3(131Hz)（手机外放 200Hz 以下衰减很快）。
// the duration takes the whole block's duration capped at 320ms, and low notes stay no lower than C3 (131Hz) (phone speakers roll off fast below 200Hz).
//
// ◆ 操作
// ◆ Controls
//
// 方向键转向；SELECT 暂停；回车重开；ESC 或返回箭头退出。
// Arrow keys steer; SELECT pauses; Enter restarts; ESC or the back arrow exits.
// 吃到食物 +10 分并加速；撞墙或撞到自己结束（弹对话框问要不要再来一局）。
// Eating food gives +10 points and speeds things up; hitting a wall or hitting yourself ends it (a dialog asks whether to play another round).
// 状态表（一个数组放全部，避免多个全局数组互相踩）
// 0=head 1=len 2=dx 3=dy 4=fx 5=fy 6=score 7=best
// 8=alive 9=paused 10=stepMs 11=cell 12=ox 13=oy 14=sw 15=sh
// 16+2i=第 i 节 x，17+2i=第 i 节 y（i=0 是头；40 节上限 ⇒ 16..95）
// 16+2i = segment i's x, 17+2i = segment i's y (i=0 is the head; 40-segment cap ⇒ 16..95)
// 100=候选x 101=候选y 105/106=新方向 107=命中
// 100=candidate x 101=candidate y 105/106=new direction 107=hit
#include <vml_ui.h>
int A[112];
// 界面语言：开局查一次（ui_scr_get_language 是 syscall，别每帧调）。
// UI language: queried once at game start (ui_scr_get_language is a syscall, do not call it every frame).
// 状态表 A[] 刻意只放游戏状态，语言是"界面"的事，单独一个文件级量。
// The state table A[] deliberately holds only game state; language is a matter of the "UI", so it is a separate file-level value.
int Lang;
// 运动墙钟欠账（毫秒）—— 按墙钟补步，用户 2026-10-04 口径（定时器只唤醒，走几步看欠了多少）。
// Motion wall-clock debt in ms -- steps are caught up from the wall clock (user's 2026-10-04 rule: the timer only wakes, the debt decides how many steps run).
int acc;
int lastMs; // 上次补步取的墙钟时刻（进主循环时初始化）
// wall-clock time of the last catch-up step (initialized when entering the main loop)
void occupied() {
int i;
A[107] = 0;
i = 0;
while (i < A[1]) {
if (A[16+i*2] == A[100] && A[17+i*2] == A[101]) {
A[107] = 1;
}
i = i + 1;
}
}
void placeFood() {
int tries;
A[100] = ui_math_rand(20);
A[101] = ui_math_rand(18);
occupied();
tries = 0;
while (tries < 300) {
if (A[107] != 0) {
A[100] = ui_math_rand(20);
A[101] = ui_math_rand(18);
occupied();
}
if (A[107] == 0) {
A[4] = A[100];
A[5] = A[101];
tries = 300;
}
tries = tries + 1;
}
}
void draw() {
int cellN;
int i;
ui_2d_clear(-15724520);
// 棋盘格：扁平序号 0..359；每格按 (r+c) 的奇偶决定铺不铺
// Board squares: flat index 0..359; each square is filled or not depending on the parity of (r+c)
cellN = 0;
while (cellN < 360) {
if ((cellN+cellN/20)-((cellN+cellN/20)/2)*2 == 0) {
ui_2d_rect(A[12]+(cellN-(cellN/20)*20)*A[11], A[13]+(cellN/20)*A[11],
A[11]-1, A[11]-1, -15263713, 1, 0, 2);
}
cellN = cellN + 1;
}
ui_2d_rect(A[12]+A[4]*A[11], A[13]+A[5]*A[11], A[11]-1, A[11]-1, -131246, 1, 0, 2);
i = 0;
while (i < A[1]) {
if (i == 0) {
ui_2d_rect(A[12]+A[16+i*2]*A[11], A[13]+A[17+i*2]*A[11],
A[11]-1, A[11]-1, -63488, 1, 0, 2);
}
if (i != 0) {
ui_2d_rect(A[12]+A[16+i*2]*A[11], A[13]+A[17+i*2]*A[11],
A[11]-1, A[11]-1, -11409298, 1, 0, 2);
}
i = i + 1;
}
ui_2d_text(8, 8, Lang == 0 ? "得分" : "Score", -6643536, 13, VML_ANCHOR_LEFT);
ui_2d_rect(58, 11, A[6], 10, -11409298, 1, 0, 0);
ui_2d_text(A[14]/2, 8, Lang == 0 ? "最高" : "Best", -6643536, 13, VML_ANCHOR_CENTER);
ui_2d_rect(A[14]/2+46, 11, A[7], 10, -63488, 1, 0, 0);
if (A[9] != 0) {
ui_2d_text(A[14]/2, A[15]/2, Lang == 0 ? "暂停（SELECT 继续）" : "Paused (SELECT)",
-131246, 16, VML_ANCHOR_CENTER);
}
ui_2d_present();
}
void resetGame() {
A[1] = 3;
A[0] = 2;
A[16] = 8;
A[17] = 8;
A[18] = 7;
A[19] = 8;
A[20] = 6;
A[21] = 8;
A[2] = 1;
A[3] = 0;
A[6] = 0;
A[8] = 1;
A[9] = 0;
A[10] = 170;
placeFood();
}
void gameOver() {
A[8] = 0;
// 结束音：**最低最长的**那一档（`ui_audio_beep` 单音 —— 见文件末的音效说明）
// End sound: the **lowest and longest** setting (single-tone `ui_audio_beep` — see the sound notes at the end of the file)
ui_audio_beep(131, 320);
draw();
// 选「否/拒绝」→ 退出游戏（ui_dlg_msg 返回 0=是 / 1=否）。
// Choosing "no/decline" → quit the game (ui_dlg_msg returns 0=yes / 1=no).
// 此前不接返回值 ⇒ 两个按钮一个样、游戏还退不出去（用户实测报的）。
// Previously the return value was not used ⇒ both buttons looked the same and the game could not be exited (reported by the user on a real device).
// 用 A[109] 这个没人用的槽当退出标志 —— gameOver 有四五处调用点，逐个改返回值不划算。
// Use the unused slot A[109] as the quit flag — gameOver has four or five call sites, so changing the return value at each one is not worth it.
if (ui_dlg_msg(Lang == 0 ? "贪吃蛇" : "Snake",
Lang == 0 ? "撞到了，这一局结束。\n再来一局？（选「否」退出）"
: "Crashed - game over.\nPlay again? (choose \"No\" to quit)", VML_DLG_INFO) != 0) {
A[109] = 1;
return;
}
resetGame();
}
void step() {
int nc;
int nr;
int i;
if (A[8] == 0) { return; }
if (A[9] != 0) { return; }
nc = A[16] + A[2];
nr = A[17] + A[3];
if (nc < 0) { gameOver(); return; }
if (nc >= 20) { gameOver(); return; }
if (nr < 0) { gameOver(); return; }
if (nr >= 18) { gameOver(); return; }
// 自撞：只看前 len-1 节（尾巴这一步会挪走）
// Self-collision: only look at the first len-1 segments (the tail moves away in this step)
A[100] = nc;
A[101] = nr;
A[107] = 0;
i = 0;
while (i < A[1]-1) {
if (A[16+i*2] == nc && A[17+i*2] == nr) {
A[107] = 1;
}
i = i + 1;
}
if (A[107] != 0) { gameOver(); return; }
// 整体后移一位（不做环形回绕）
// Shift everything back by one (no ring wraparound)
i = A[1];
while (i > 0) {
A[16+i*2] = A[16+(i-1)*2];
A[17+i*2] = A[17+(i-1)*2];
i = i - 1;
}
A[16] = nc;
A[17] = nr;
if (nc == A[4] && nr == A[5]) {
if (A[1] < 40) {
A[1] = A[1] + 1;
}
A[6] = A[6] + 10;
if (A[6] > A[7]) {
A[7] = A[6];
}
if (A[10] > 70) {
A[10] = A[10] - 6;
}
// 吃到食物：一声高而短的「叮」（原上行两音的首音）
// Food eaten: one high, short "ding" (the first note of the original two-note rise)
ui_audio_beep(1047, 165);
ui_vibrate_simple(30, 0);
placeFood();
}
}
void turn() {
if (A[105]+A[2] == 0 && A[106]+A[3] == 0) {
return;
}
A[2] = A[105];
A[3] = A[106];
}
int main() {
int w;
int h;
int byw;
int byh;
int tid;
int curMs;
int t;
int k;
Lang = ui_scr_get_language();
// 开窗：尺寸传 0 ⇒ 交给宿主给真实可用区（开窗**之前**问到的只是估算值）
// Opening: pass size 0 ⇒ the host supplies the real available area (a **pre-open** read is only an estimate)
ui_win_open(Lang == 0 ? "贪吃蛇" : "Snake", 0, 0);
// 尺寸：开窗**之后**再问一次 —— 这时 `ui_scr_get_w/h` 给的是实测画布（真值）
// Size: re-read **after** the open — `ui_scr_get_w/h` now report the measured canvas (the real value)
w = ui_scr_get_w();
h = ui_scr_get_h();
if (w <= 0) { w = 360; }
if (h <= 0) { h = 620; }
A[14] = w;
A[15] = h;
// 版面算一次，画与判定共用
// The layout is computed once and shared by the drawing and the collision checks
byw = w - 8;
byh = h - 46;
A[11] = byw / 20;
if (byh/18 < A[11]) { A[11] = byh / 18; }
if (A[11] < 4) { A[11] = 4; }
A[12] = (w - A[11]*20) / 2;
A[13] = 40;
ui_scr_set_keep_on(1);
resetGame();
tid = ui_timer_set(A[10], 0);
curMs = A[10];
acc = 0;
lastMs = ui_time_get_ms(); // 墙钟起点：进主循环时取（不在模块级/全局初始化里调 syscall）
// wall-clock origin: sampled when entering the main loop (never call syscalls at module/global-init level)
while (ui_win_is_closed() == 0) {
if (A[109] != 0) { break; } // 对话框里选了「否」→ 退出
// "No" was chosen in the dialog → exit
draw();
t = ui_msg_fetch_wait(0);
// 这一帧该走几步：**按墙钟欠账**（各平台定时器分辨率不同 ⇒ 不能拿"收到几拍"当时间）。
// how many steps this frame takes: **driven by the wall-clock deficit** (timer resolution differs per platform => never treat "ticks received" as time).
// 用户 2026-10-04 口径：所有游戏时钟取系统毫秒数。
// user's 2026-10-04 rule: all game clocks read system milliseconds.
{
int now2 = ui_time_get_ms();
acc = acc + (now2 - lastMs);
lastMs = now2;
if (acc > A[10] * 8) acc = 0; // 卡太久别一次补一大串（防瞬移）
// do not catch up in one huge burst after a long stall (prevents teleporting)
while (acc >= A[10]) { acc = acc - A[10]; step(); }
}
if (t == 10) { break; }
if (t == 9) {
// 定时器**只负责唤醒**（推进在上面按墙钟欠账走）
// the timer **only wakes us up** (advancement happens above, driven by the wall-clock deficit)
if (A[10] != curMs) {
ui_timer_kill(tid);
curMs = A[10];
tid = ui_timer_set(curMs, 0);
}
}
if (t == 1) {
k = ui_msg_get_a();
if (k == 27) { break; }
if (k == 37) { A[105] = -1; A[106] = 0; turn(); }
if (k == 39) { A[105] = 1; A[106] = 0; turn(); }
if (k == 38) { A[105] = 0; A[106] = -1; turn(); }
if (k == 40) { A[105] = 0; A[106] = 1; turn(); }
if (k == 13) { resetGame(); }
if (k == 16) { A[9] = 1 - A[9]; }
}
}
ui_timer_kill(tid);
ui_scr_set_keep_on(0);
ui_win_close();
return 0;
}