objc/app/snake.m · 18203 字节 · 下载原文
// 贪吃蛇 —— 用 **ObjC** 写的手机游戏
// Snake — a phone game written in **ObjC**
//
// ◆ 手机那套 UI 怎么来的
// ◆ Where the phone UI comes from
//
// 开窗 / 绘图 / 输入 / 定时器的实现是 C 写的（`Lib/shared/src/vmlui.c` → `vmlui.vml`），
// Window / drawing / input / timers are implemented in C (`Lib/shared/src/vmlui.c` → `vmlui.vml`),
// 由 `vmltool.config.xml` 的 `<Language Name="objc" Libs="vmlui.vml">` 挂给每个前端。
// hooked to each frontend by `<Language Name="objc" Libs="vmlui.vml">` in `vmltool.config.xml`.
// 数值的唯一真源是 `Lib/c/vml_ui.h`，本文件**显式引用**它（`#import`）。
// The single source of truth for these numbers is `Lib/c/vml_ui.h`, and this file **references it explicitly** (`#import`).
//
// ◆ ObjC 这一路原本跑不了游戏，两条缺陷修完才通（2026-09-17）
// ◆ This ObjC path could not run games at first; it only worked after two defects were fixed (2026-09-17)
//
// · **帧比局部量偏移少 4 字节**：文件级声明（全局量、函数原型）走基类 `EmitStoreVar`
// · **The frame was 4 bytes smaller than the locals' offset**: file-level declarations (globals, function prototypes) went through the base class's `EmitStoreVar`
// 的兜底分配 `AllocAndRegisterVar` —— 它抬高 `nextStackOffset` 却**不发 `SUB`**，
// fallback allocation `AllocAndRegisterVar` — it raised `nextStackOffset` without **emitting `SUB`**,
// 每有一条这样的声明，帧就比偏移少 4 字节。实测多一条函数原型即让局部量落到
// so each such declaration left the frame 4 bytes short of the offset. Measured: one extra function prototype put a local at
// `R12-12` 而帧只有 8 ⇒ 循环变量正好落在 push 区、被循环体那三个 push 写花。
// `R12-12` while the frame was only 8 ⇒ the loop variable landed exactly in the push area and was clobbered by the loop body's three pushes.
// 判据 `drift.m` 由 2059 转 126。修法是 Dart 那套：序言占位 `SUB R13,#0`、
// The `drift.m` criterion went from 2059 to 126. The fix is Dart's approach: a placeholder `SUB R13,#0` in the prologue,
// 函数体生成完回填 `nextStackOffset + 8`。
// backfilled with `nextStackOffset + 8` once the function body is generated.
// ✅ 2026-10-04 复验：`scripts/vml-abi-probe/langs/drift.m` 实测 `DRIFT=126`（= 2^1+…+2^6，正确），帧偏移缺陷不再出现。
// ✅ Re-measured 2026-10-04: `scripts/vml-abi-probe/langs/drift.m` measured `DRIFT=126` (= 2^1+…+2^6, correct); the frame-offset defect no longer appears.
//
// ◆ 写法约束（每条都实测过，不是偏好）
// ◆ Style constraints (each one measured, not a preference)
//
// ① **循环更新写 `i = i + 1`，不能写 `i++`** —— `++` 只 `ADD R0` 不写回
// ① **Write the loop update as `i = i + 1`, never `i++`** — `++` only does `ADD R0` without writing back
// （`CodeGenerator.Expressions.cs:235`）⇒ `for (…; …; i++)` 死循环。
// (`CodeGenerator.Expressions.cs:235`) ⇒ `for (…; …; i++)` loops forever.
// ② **数组没有初始化列表**：`int a[4] = {1,2,3,4};` 的初值会被丢掉
// ② **Arrays have no initializer lists**: the values in `int a[4] = {1,2,3,4};` are dropped
// ⇒ 只能逐元素赋值。
// ⇒ they can only be assigned element by element.
// ③ **颜色写负数十进制**：词法器十进制专用（`Lexer.cs:123`），不认 `0x`。
// ③ **Write colors as negative decimals**: the lexer is decimal-only (`Lexer.cs:123`) and does not recognize `0x`.
// ④ 状态放**一个**文件级数组、辅助函数一律无参 —— 与 Go/C# 那些示例同一处置。
// ④ State goes in **one** file-level array and helper functions take no arguments — the same treatment as the Go/C# examples.
//
// ◆ 操作
// ◆ Controls
//
// 方向键转向；SELECT 暂停；回车重开；ESC 或返回箭头退出。
// Arrow keys steer; SELECT pauses; Enter restarts; ESC or the back arrow exits.
// 吃到食物 +10 分并加速；撞墙或撞到自己结束（弹对话框问要不要再来一局）。
// Eating food is +10 points and a speed-up; hitting a wall or yourself ends the game (a dialog asks whether to play another round).
//
// ⚠ 与 Go/C#/Swift 那几份一样，**「开出绘图窗口」这条判据只能在设备上验**
// ⚠ As with the Go/C#/Swift copies, **the "opens a drawing window" criterion can only be verified on a device**
// （桌面 vmlcli 的 ui_* 是宿主桩，主循环不会自然退出）。
// (on the desktop, vmlcli's ui_* are host stubs and the main loop never exits on its own).
// 设备验收条目见 `scripts/maui-vml-verify/corpus.tsv` 的 `game-objc-snake`。
// For the device acceptance entry see `game-objc-snake` in `scripts/maui-vml-verify/corpus.tsv`.
// 状态表（一个数组放全部，避免多个全局数组互相踩）
// 0=head 1=len 2=dx 3=dy 4=fx 5=fy 6=score 7=best
// 8=alive 9=paused 10=stepMs 11=cell 12=ox 13=oy 14=sw 15=sh
// 16+2i=第 i 节 x，17+2i=第 i 节 y（i=0 是头；40 节上限 ⇒ 16..95）
// 16+2i=x of segment i, 17+2i=y of segment i (i=0 is the head; 40 segments max ⇒ 16..95)
// 100=候选x 101=候选y 105/106=新方向 107=命中 108=临时
// 100=candidate x, 101=candidate y, 105/106=new direction, 107=hit, 108=temp
// 110=界面语言（0=中文 1=英文，开局问一次宿主；见 draw 里那段说明）
// 110=UI language (0=Chinese 1=English, asked of the host once at the start; see the note in draw)
#include <vml_ui.h>
#import <vml_ui.h>
int A[112];
// 扫一遍身上的每一节，看 (A[100],A[101]) 这格有没有被占；结果写 A[107]
// Scan every segment of the body to see whether the cell (A[100],A[101]) is occupied; write the result into A[107]
void occupied() {
int i;
A[107] = 0;
i = 0;
while (i < A[1]) {
if (A[16+i*2] == A[100]) {
if (A[17+i*2] == A[101]) {
A[107] = 1;
}
}
i = i + 1;
}
}
void placeFood() {
int tries;
A[100] = ui_math_rand(20);
A[101] = ui_math_rand(18);
occupied();
tries = 0;
while (tries < 300) {
if (A[107] != 0) {
A[100] = ui_math_rand(20);
A[101] = ui_math_rand(18);
occupied();
}
if (A[107] == 0) {
A[4] = A[100];
A[5] = A[101];
tries = 300;
}
tries = tries + 1;
}
}
void draw() {
int cellN;
int i;
ui_2d_clear(-15724520);
// 棋盘格：扁平序号 0..359，行列内联算出来；每格按 (r+c) 的奇偶决定铺不铺
// Board cells: flat index 0..359, row/column computed inline; whether each cell is filled depends on the parity of (r+c)
cellN = 0;
while (cellN < 360) {
if ((cellN+cellN/20)-((cellN+cellN/20)/2)*2 == 0) {
ui_2d_rect(A[12]+(cellN-(cellN/20)*20)*A[11], A[13]+(cellN/20)*A[11],
A[11]-1, A[11]-1, -15263713, 1, 0, 2);
}
cellN = cellN + 1;
}
// 食物
// Food
ui_2d_rect(A[12]+A[4]*A[11], A[13]+A[5]*A[11], A[11]-1, A[11]-1, -131246, 1, 0, 2);
// 蛇：i=0 是头
// Snake: i=0 is the head
i = 0;
while (i < A[1]) {
if (i == 0) {
ui_2d_rect(A[12]+A[16+i*2]*A[11], A[13]+A[17+i*2]*A[11],
A[11]-1, A[11]-1, -63488, 1, 0, 2);
}
if (i != 0) {
ui_2d_rect(A[12]+A[16+i*2]*A[11], A[13]+A[17+i*2]*A[11],
A[11]-1, A[11]-1, -11409298, 1, 0, 2);
}
i = i + 1;
}
// 界面语言（0=中文 1=英文）：从状态表里取，**每个函数各取一次当局部量** ——
// UI language (0=Chinese 1=English): take it from the state table, **once per function into a local** —
// ~~本前端没有三元运算符（`? :` 只到词法，解析器未实现，见 OBJC_LANGUAGE_SPEC 的缺口表），~~
// ~~this frontend has no ternary operator (`? :` stops at the lexer, the parser never implements it — see the gap table in OBJC_LANGUAGE_SPEC),~~
// ~~所以界面文字只能靠 `if/else` 二选一、把调用写两遍。~~
// ~~so UI text can only be an `if/else` choice that writes the call twice.~~
// ✅ **已修好（2026-10-04 复验）** —— 三元运算符正常：`int b = a > 3 ? 100 : 200;`（a=5）实测得 `b=100`。本文件仍用 `if/else` 二选一 —— 能跑就别动；新写的代码不必再绕。
// ✅ **Fixed (re-measured 2026-10-04)** — the ternary operator works: `int b = a > 3 ? 100 : 200;` (a=5) measured `b=100`. This file still uses an `if/else` choice — leave it if it runs; new code need not avoid it.
int lang;
lang = A[110];
if (lang == 0) ui_2d_text(8, 8, "得分", -6643536, 13, VML_ANCHOR_LEFT);
else ui_2d_text(8, 8, "Score", -6643536, 13, VML_ANCHOR_LEFT);
ui_2d_rect(58, 11, A[6], 10, -11409298, 1, 0, 0);
if (lang == 0) ui_2d_text(A[14]/2, 8, "最高", -6643536, 13, VML_ANCHOR_CENTER);
else ui_2d_text(A[14]/2, 8, "Best", -6643536, 13, VML_ANCHOR_CENTER);
ui_2d_rect(A[14]/2+46, 11, A[7], 10, -63488, 1, 0, 0);
if (A[9] != 0) {
if (lang == 0) ui_2d_text(A[14]/2, A[15]/2, "暂停（SELECT 继续）", -131246, 16, VML_ANCHOR_CENTER);
else ui_2d_text(A[14]/2, A[15]/2, "Paused (SELECT)", -131246, 16, VML_ANCHOR_CENTER);
}
ui_2d_present();
}
void resetGame() {
A[1] = 3;
A[0] = 2;
A[16] = 8;
A[17] = 8;
A[18] = 7;
A[19] = 8;
A[20] = 6;
A[21] = 8;
A[2] = 1;
A[3] = 0;
A[6] = 0;
A[8] = 1;
A[9] = 0;
A[10] = 170;
placeFood();
}
void gameOver() {
A[8] = 0;
// ~~按键音略：ui_audio_beep 在 Lib/ 里是「声明了但未实现」（见文件头）~~
// ~~Key sound omitted: ui_audio_beep is "declared but not implemented" in Lib/ (see the file header)~~
// ✅ **已修好（2026-10-04 复验）** —— `ui_audio_beep` 已实现并能发声：实测 `ui_audio_beep(440,100)` 打出 `[vml-audio] tone hz=440 ms=100 wave=1 vol=100 master=80`（桌面走 CoreAudio 真发声）。本文件仍未发音 —— 能跑就别动；新写的代码可以发声。
// ✅ **Fixed (re-measured 2026-10-04)** — `ui_audio_beep` is implemented and sounds: `ui_audio_beep(440,100)` measured `[vml-audio] tone hz=440 ms=100 wave=1 vol=100 master=80` (desktop uses CoreAudio, real sound). This file still omits it — leave it if it runs; new code can play sound.
draw();
// 选「否/拒绝」→ 退出游戏（ui_dlg_msg 返回 0=是 / 1=否）。
// Choosing "No / refuse" → exit the game (ui_dlg_msg returns 0=yes / 1=no).
// 此前不接返回值 ⇒ 两个按钮一个样、游戏还退不出去（用户实测报的）。
// Previously the return value was ignored ⇒ both buttons behaved the same and the game could not be exited (reported by the user on a real device).
// 用 A[109] 这个没人用的槽当退出标志 —— gameOver 有四五处调用点，逐个改返回值不划算。
// A[109] is an unused slot and serves as the exit flag — gameOver has four or five call sites, so changing the return value at each is not worth it.
int lang;
int ans;
lang = A[110];
if (lang == 0) ans = ui_dlg_msg("贪吃蛇", "撞到了，这一局结束。\n再来一局？（选「否」退出）", VML_DLG_INFO);
else ans = ui_dlg_msg("Snake", "You crashed. Round over.\nPlay again? (choose \"No\" to quit)", VML_DLG_INFO);
if (ans != 0) {
A[109] = 1;
return;
}
resetGame();
}
void step() {
int nc;
int nr;
int i;
if (A[8] == 0) {
return;
}
if (A[9] != 0) {
return;
}
nc = A[16] + A[2];
nr = A[17] + A[3];
if (nc < 0) { gameOver(); return; }
if (nc >= 20) { gameOver(); return; }
if (nr < 0) { gameOver(); return; }
if (nr >= 18) { gameOver(); return; }
// 自撞：只看前 len-1 节（尾巴这一步会挪走）
// Self-collision: only look at the first len-1 segments (the tail moves away on this step)
A[100] = nc;
A[101] = nr;
A[107] = 0;
i = 0;
while (i < A[1]-1) {
if (A[16+i*2] == nc) {
if (A[17+i*2] == nr) {
A[107] = 1;
}
}
i = i + 1;
}
if (A[107] != 0) {
gameOver();
return;
}
// 整体后移一位（不做环形回绕）
// Shift the whole body back by one (no wrap-around)
i = A[1];
while (i > 0) {
A[16+i*2] = A[16+(i-1)*2];
A[17+i*2] = A[17+(i-1)*2];
i = i - 1;
}
A[16] = nc;
A[17] = nr;
if (nc == A[4]) {
if (nr == A[5]) {
if (A[1] < 40) {
A[1] = A[1] + 1;
}
A[6] = A[6] + 10;
if (A[6] > A[7]) {
A[7] = A[6];
}
if (A[10] > 70) {
A[10] = A[10] - 6;
}
placeFood();
}
}
}
void turn() {
if (A[105]+A[2] == 0) {
if (A[106]+A[3] == 0) {
return;
}
}
A[2] = A[105];
A[3] = A[106];
}
int main() {
int w;
int h;
int byw;
int byh;
int tid;
int curMs;
int t;
int k;
int acc; // 运动墙钟欠账（毫秒）—— 按墙钟补步，用户 2026-10-04 口径
// motion wall-clock debt in ms -- steps are caught up from the wall clock (user's 2026-10-04 rule)
int lastMs; // 上次补步取的墙钟时刻（进主循环时初始化）
// wall-clock time of the last catch-up step (initialized when entering the main loop)
int nowMs; // 墙钟采样
// wall-clock sample
// 界面语言：开局问一次宿主要中文还是英文（0=中文 1=英文），存进 A[110]（见 draw 的说明）。
// UI language: ask the host once at the start whether it wants Chinese or English (0=Chinese 1=English) and store it in A[110] (see the note in draw).
// ⚠ 别在每帧里调 —— 那是一次 syscall。
// ⚠ Don't call it in every frame — that's a syscall.
int lang;
A[110] = ui_scr_get_language();
lang = A[110];
// 开窗：尺寸传 0 ⇒ 交给宿主给真实可用区（开窗**之前**问到的只是估算值）
// Opening: pass size 0 ⇒ the host supplies the real available area (a **pre-open** read is only an estimate)
if (lang == 0) ui_win_open("贪吃蛇", 0, 0);
else ui_win_open("Snake", 0, 0);
// 尺寸：开窗**之后**再问一次 —— 这时 `ui_scr_get_w/h` 给的是实测画布（真值）
// Size: re-read **after** the open — `ui_scr_get_w/h` now report the measured canvas (the real value)
w = ui_scr_get_w();
h = ui_scr_get_h();
if (w <= 0) {
w = 360;
}
if (h <= 0) {
h = 620;
}
A[14] = w;
A[15] = h;
// 版面算一次，画与判定共用
// The layout is computed once and shared by drawing and hit-testing
byw = w - 8;
byh = h - 46;
A[11] = byw / 20;
if (byh/18 < A[11]) {
A[11] = byh / 18;
}
if (A[11] < 4) {
A[11] = 4;
}
A[12] = (w - A[11]*20) / 2;
A[13] = 40;
resetGame();
tid = ui_timer_set(A[10], 0);
curMs = A[10];
acc = 0;
lastMs = ui_time_get_ms(); // 墙钟起点：进主循环时取（不在模块级调 syscall）
// wall-clock origin: sampled when entering the main loop (no syscall at module level)
while (ui_win_is_closed() == 0) {
if (A[109] != 0) { break; } // 对话框里选了「否」→ 退出
// "No" was chosen in the dialog → exit
draw();
t = ui_msg_fetch_wait(0);
// 这一帧该走几步：**按墙钟欠账**（各平台定时器分辨率不同 ⇒ 不能拿"收到几拍"当时间）。
// how many steps this frame takes: **driven by the wall-clock deficit** (timer resolution differs per platform => never treat "ticks received" as time).
// 用户 2026-10-04 口径：所有游戏时钟取系统毫秒数。
// user's 2026-10-04 rule: all game clocks read system milliseconds.
nowMs = ui_time_get_ms();
acc = acc + (nowMs - lastMs);
lastMs = nowMs;
if (acc > A[10] * 8) acc = 0; // 卡太久别一次补一大串（防瞬移）
// do not catch up in one huge burst after a long stall (prevents teleporting)
while (acc >= A[10]) {
acc = acc - A[10];
step();
}
if (t == 10) {
break;
}
if (t == 9) {
// 定时器**只负责唤醒**（推进在上面按墙钟欠账走）
// the timer **only wakes us up** (advancement happens above, driven by the wall-clock deficit)
if (A[10] != curMs) {
ui_timer_kill(tid);
curMs = A[10];
tid = ui_timer_set(curMs, 0);
}
}
if (t == 1) {
k = ui_msg_get_a();
if (k == 27) {
break;
}
if (k == 37) { A[105] = -1; A[106] = 0; turn(); }
if (k == 39) { A[105] = 1; A[106] = 0; turn(); }
if (k == 38) { A[105] = 0; A[106] = -1; turn(); }
if (k == 40) { A[105] = 0; A[106] = 1; turn(); }
if (k == 13) { resetGame(); }
if (k == 16) { A[9] = 1 - A[9]; }
}
}
ui_timer_kill(tid);
ui_win_close();
return 0;
}